Dyslexia

  • Dyslexia is a common learning difficulty that can cause problems with reading, writing and spelling. It’s a specific learning difficulty which means it cause problems with certain ability used for learning such as reading and writing, unlike a learning disability intelligence is not affected.
  • Dyslexia is a specific learning disability in reading. Children with dyslexia have trouble reading accurately and fluently. They may also have trouble with reading comprehension, spelling and writing.
  • Raising a child with dyslexia is journey. As you move through it, you will gain a lot of knowledge about your child’s challenges with reading. And about the many ways you can help her succeed at school and in life.

What Dyslexia is?

In a person with dyslexia, the brain processes written material differently. This makes it hard to recognize, spell, and decode words. People with dyslexia have problems understanding what they read. Dyslexia is a neurological and often genetic condition, and not the result of poor teaching, instruction or upbringing.

Dyslexia is a specific learning disability in reading. Dyslexia is mainly a problem with reading accurately and fluently. Children’s with Dyslexia may have trouble answering questions about somethings they have read.

Dyslexia can create difficulty with other skills, however. These include –

  • Reading comprehension
  • Spelling
  • Writing
  • Math

People sometimes believe dyslexia is visual issue. They think of it as children’s reversing letters or writing backwards. But dyslexia is not a problem with vision or with seeing letters in wrong direction. It is important to know that while dyslexia impacts learning, it’s not a problem of intelligence. Children’s with this issue are just as smart as their pears.

SYMPTOMS

Dyslexia is different from delayed reading development, which may reflect mental disability or cultural deprivation.

The most common signs and symptoms associated with dyslexia can be displayed at any age, but they normally present in childhood.

Childhood symptoms of dyslexia include:

1. Difficulty in learning to read: –

Many children with dyslexia have normal intelligence and receive proper teaching and parental support, but they have difficulty learning to read.

2. Millstones reached later: –

Children with dyslexia may learn to crawl, walk, talk, and ride a bicycle later than the majority of others.

3. Delayed speech development: –

A child with dyslexia may take longer to learn to speak, and they may mispronounce words, find rhyming challenging, and appear not to distinguish between different word sounds.

4. Slow at learning sets of data: –

At school, children with dyslexia may take longer to learn the letters of the alphabet and how they are pronounced. There may be problems remembering the days of the week, months of the year, colours, and some arithmetic battles.

5. Coordination: –

The child may seem clumsier than their peers. Catching A ball may be difficult. Poorer eye-hand coordination may be a symptom of other similar neurological conditions, including dyspraxia

6. Left and right: –

The child may confuse “left” and “right”.

7. Reversal: –

They may reverse number and letters without realizing.

8. Spelling: –

Some children with dyslexia might not follow a pattern of progression seen in other children. They May learn how to spell a word and completely forget the next day.

9. Speech Problem: –

If a word has more than two syllables, phonological processing becomes much more challenging. For example, with the word ‘’unfortunately” a person with dyslexia may be able to process the sounds “un” and “ly” but not the ones in between.

10. Concentration Span: –

Children with dyslexia commonly find it hard to concentrate. Many adults with dyslexia say this is because, after a few minutes of non-stop struggling the child is mentally exhausted. A higher number of children with dyslexia also have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD), compared with the rest of the population.

DIAGNOSIS / TREATMENT

If a parent, guardian, or teacher suspects a child may have dyslexia, they should ask the child’s school about a professional evaluation. Early diagnosis is more likely to lead to effective intervention.

Diagnostic tests often cover the following areas:

  • Background information
  • Intelligence
  • Oral language skills
  • Word recognition
  • Decoding or the ability to read new words by using letter-sound knowledge
  • Phonological processing
  • Automaticity and fluency skills
  • Reading comprehension
  • Vocabulary knowledge
  • Family history and early development

During the assessment process, the examiner needs to be able to rule out other conditions or problem that may show similar symptoms.

Examples- Include vision problems, hearing impairment, lack of instruction, and social and economic factors.

Compensatory strategies can help people cope with dyslexia in daily life. Early diagnosis and support can lead to long-term improvements.

Intervention may include

Psychological testing: –

This help teachers develop a better-targeted program for the child. Techniques usually involve tapping into the child’s senses, including touch, vision, and hearing.

Guidance and support: –

Counselling can help minimize any negative impact on self-esteem.

On-going evaluation: –

Adults with dyslexia may benefit from evaluation to continue developing their coping strategies and identify areas where more support is needed.

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